دور المناطق الاقتصادية الخاصة في تنشيط الصادرات: التجربة الصينية

This study aims to analyze the role of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in promoting and upgrading Chinese exports by examining their evolution since the 1980s as part of China’s economic reform and opening-up policy. China is selected as a case study due to its remarkable economic transformation, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, and emergence as a global manufacturing and export hub. The paper explores the conceptual framework and various types of SEZs, their institutional mechanisms, and their impact on macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth, per capita income, FDI inflows, and export performance. Findings indicate that SEZs have significantly contributed to China’s economic success, accounting for about 22% of national GDP, 45% of FDI inflows, and 60% of total exports, while creating millions of jobs and fostering regional development. The study concludes that the success of China’s SEZs lies in the synergy between economic reforms, advanced infrastructure, and strong investment incentives, offering a model adaptable for developing countries seeking to diversify exports and enhance competitiveness.